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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
- CVSS v4 8.6
- ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity/public exploits are available
- Vendor: ORing
- Equipment: IAP-20
- Vulnerabilities: Cross-site Scripting, Command Injection
2. RISK EVALUATION
Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to invoke commands to compromise the device via the management interface.
3. TECHNICAL DETAILS
3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS
The following ORing products are affected:
- IAP-420: Versions 2.01e and prior
3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW
3.2.1 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF INPUT DURING WEB PAGE GENERATION (‘CROSS-SITE SCRIPTING’) CWE-79
A stored cross-site scripting can be triggered by placing JavaScript code into the SSID input field of the web interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by luring an authenticated user to visit a malicious website.
CVE-2024-5410 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.3 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-5410. A base score of 8.2 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H).
3.2.2 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN A COMMAND (‘COMMAND INJECTION’) CWE-77
The filename parameter of a configuration file upload is prone to a command injection vulnerability. This vulnerability can only be exploited if a user is authenticated to the web interface. An attacker could invoke commands and gain full control over the device.
CVE-2024-5411 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
A CVSS v4 score has also been calculated for CVE-2024-5411. A base score of 8.6 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (CVSS4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H).
3.3 BACKGROUND
- CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Commercial Facilities, Critical Manufacturing, Energy, Transportation Systems
- COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
- COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Taiwan
3.4 RESEARCHER
CISA discovered public proof of concept (PoC) as authored by Thomas Weber of CyberDanube and reported it to ORing.
4. MITIGATIONS
ORing is aware of the vulnerabilities and is working to produce a fix. For more information, contact ORing directly.
CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this these vulnerabilities, such as:
- Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.
- Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.
- When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices.
CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.
CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.
CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.
Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B–Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.
Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.
CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:
- Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.
- Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.
- Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.
No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.
5. UPDATE HISTORY
- February 13, 2025: Initial Publication